When it comes to the design of RF coaxial connectors, it is estimated that
many foreign trade practitioners will feel at a loss, because under normal
circumstances, we are in contact with products, and have not thought about its
design problems, then the design principles of RF coaxial connectors What is
it?
As the saying goes, there are no rules and no squares. No matter where it
is, there are some basic points that need people to pay attention to. The same
is true for the design of RF connectors. The working principle of the radio
frequency connector is relatively simple, that is, a coaxial transmission line
that can realize electrical connection and separation in the rf transmission
system.
The realization of the mechanical process of connection and separation
requires the connector to have a reliable connection interface; the
applicability and convenience of the connector require that the connection
interface has a variety of different specifications and connection forms; the
versatility and interchangeability of the connector require connection The
standardization of the interface; the reliability and stability of connection
and separation require the stability of the connector interface size and the
relative position of the inner and outer conductors and sufficient mechanical
retention. This is the basic requirement for the interface and structure of the
connector. On the other hand, the connector needs to be connected with
transmission lines such as coaxial cables and microstrips. It also needs to
consider the matching, stability and connection reliability of the connection
transition.
Technical personnel believe that the stability and reliability of the
mechanical connection is the basis for realizing the reliability and stability
of the electrical connection of the radio frequency coaxial connector. A stable
and reliable mechanical structure plus uniformly matched impedance and
reasonable dielectric materials can obtain electrical RF coaxial connector with
excellent performance.
At the same time, the technician should point out that impedance
discontinuity is unavoidable: the mechanical connection of the interface and the
tolerance of the interface cause the impedance of the connection interface to be
discontinuous; the step positioning structure used to ensure mechanical
stability leads to the existence of discontinuous capacitance; The drift of
mechanical tolerances and dielectric parameters leads to the drift of
characteristic impedance; the adaptability of the connection part of the
connector and the cable and microstrip radio frequency transmission line and the
change of the electromagnetic field will also cause the characteristic impedance
to be discontinuous. Only by identifying and compensating for these
discontinuities, can the radio frequency coaxial connector have better
electrical performance indicators.
There are many theoretical books and academic papers for the design and
compensation calculation of RF coaxial connectors. There are more detailed and
comprehensive introductions in the design of RF coaxial connectors. Desso
Hardware’s ideas are not discussed here, but most of the empirical formulas need
to be explained. They are all obtained through the research of large-size
coaxial transmission lines. For the design of connectors that are usually used
at a lower frequency, the accuracy can be completely dealt with, but for
small-size, high-frequency, and high-performance connections In terms of the
design of the connector (such as millimeter wave connector), the influence of
dimensional tolerance, surface roughness, surface resistivity of metal materials
and the stability of dielectric parameters has become non-negligible, so the
results obtained here are only a reference .
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